ISSUE 1 - SEPTEMBER 26/2025 - DECEMBER 26/2025
THE SILENT GUARDIANS OF BIODIVERSITY: MANGROVE CONSERVATION THROUGH INDIAN ENVIRONMENTAL LAW
AUTHOR’S NAME – Dr. Vaishakhi Thaker.
AFFILIATION OF AUTHOR – Assistant Professor, Faculty of Law, GLS University, Ellisbridge, Ahmedabad.
Received on 3 September 2025, Accepted on 16 September 2025, Published on 28 September 2025
ABSTRACT:
Mangroves, the “silent guardians” of biodiversity, are vital for coastal protection, carbon sequestration, and sustaining livelihoods. India hosts significant mangrove cover, yet these ecosystems face degradation from urbanisation, industrial projects, aquaculture, and climate change. Despite constitutional directives and multiple environmental statutes, including the Environment (Protection) Act, Forest Conservation Act, and Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) framework, implementation challenges persist. Judicial interventions by the Supreme Court and the National Green Tribunal have advanced mangrove protection[1], but weak enforcement and overlapping jurisdictions continue to undermine conservation. This paper critically analyses India’s legal and policy framework on mangroves, highlighting ecological importance, governance gaps, and judicial trends. Comparative insights from other mangrove-rich nations demonstrate alternative approaches to conservation. The study recommends stronger statutory mechanisms, community participation, and integration of mangrove[2]s into climate and disaster policies. Strengthening mangrove governance is essential for biodiversity protection, climate resilience, and sustainable development in India.
(Keywords: Mangrove Conservation, Environmental Law, Coastal Regulation Zone, Biodiversity, Climate Resilience.)
[1] S. Chandran et al., Conservation and Management of Mangroves in Uttara Kannada, Central Western Ghats, ENVIS Tech. Rep. (Centre for Ecological Sciences, IISc Bangalore, Nov. 2012) Research gate (September 1, 2025, 8:00 P.M.) https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318316554_Conservation_and_Management_of_Mangroves_in_Uttara_Kannada_Central_Western_Ghats
[2] Abhijit Mitra, Mangrove Forests in India: Exploring Ecosystem Services, Springer (September 1, 2025, 8:00 P.M.) https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-20595-9
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( Volume 4 Issue 1 – 2025 )( Publication Date 28 /September/ 2025 )
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THE FORGOTTEN VICTIMS OF CLIMATE CHANGE: A CALL FOR LEGAL RECOGNITION
AUTHOR’S NAME – Ayush Tiwari, B.A.LL.B, Second Year.
INSTITUTION NAME – Lloyd Law College, Greater Noida.
Received on 16 September 2025, Accepted on 19 September 2025, Published on 28 September 2025
ABSTRACT:
Climate change has emerged as one of the most powerful drivers of forced displacement, threatening not only the humidity but also creating several critical legal challenges in the 21st century. Extreme weather events, rising sea levels, drought, and ecological collapse are forcing millions of people to leave their homes. Since 2013, more than 376 million people have been displaced by climate-related disasters, and it is projected that over one billion individuals could face displacement by 2050. However, international law has yet to grant the status of “climate refugees” to these people. The 1951 Refugee Convention and its 1967 Protocol focus exclusively on the political and social ground forms of persecution, thereby ignoring those migrants who are forced by “climate”. The judicial decisions such as Teitiota v. New Zealand reveal the limitation of existing framework, while the cases in India, like Olga Tellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation case, and the Subhash Kumar v. State of Bihar case, illustrate the inadequacy of the current approach, while proving a constitutional right of indirect protection by linking right to the livelihood and environment to the Article 21 of constitution of India (right to life)[1].
[1] Europarl, The concept of ‘climate refugee’ (last visited on September 10, 2025).
( Volume 4 Issue 1 – 2025 )( Publication Date 28 /September/ 2025 )
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A STUDY ON HUMANITARIAN APPROACH OF POLAND IN THE RUSSIA- UKRAINE WAR
AUTHOR’S NAME – Dr. Vijayalakshmi Subramaniam, Ph.D
AFFILIATION OF AUTHOR – Guest Faculty- SOEL, Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University, Chennai
CO-AUTHOR- N. Vaidheeswari, LL.M.
AFFILIATION OF AUTHOR – Guest Faculty- SOEL, Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University, Chennai
CO-AUTHOR- Vishal Sivakumar, LL.M., 2nd Year
INSTITUTION NAME- School of Law, SRM, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu
Received on 15 August 2025, Accepted on 25 September 2025, Published on 28 October 2025
ABSTRACT:
The repercussions of the ongoing war and the large-scale aggression of Russia against Ukraine are many. The mass exodus of people from Ukraine due to war has a tremendous effect on the host countries of the European Union. By mid-July 2022, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), a UN Agency, had recorded that around 5.8 million people fled and entered EU host countries as refugees. Among them, around 2 million people have been given a warm welcome by Poland out of overwhelming humanity. Even though the world witnessed the aftermath of the Second World War misery and sufferings of the people, countries are still engaging themselves in war and acting against humanity. The battlefield of Solferino in 1859 had seen thousands of wounded soldiers and civilians left unattended without care and dignity. The horrific scenes of the battle led Henry Dunant to pave a new way for International Humanitarian Law, the Red Cross, and the first Geneva Convention in 1864. Later on, the fourth Geneva Convention came into existence specifically to protect civilians during the war period in 1947, and also two additional protocols in 1977. This article will discuss the integration of International Humanitarian Law, refugee law, and human rights in saving the lives, health, and dignity of the people. It also depicts the extension of overwhelming support of Poland in accommodating the refugees of the ongoing war, and also analyzes the humanization of International law to protect the people in the region of armed conflicts worldwide at present and in the future.
Keywords: war, armed conflicts, humanitarian laws, refugees, conventions, lives
( Volume 4 Issue 1 – 2025 )( Publication Date 28 /October/ 2025 )
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